Optical element driving system

ABSTRACT

An optical element driving system is provided. The optical element driving system includes an optical element driving mechanism and a control assembly. The optical element driving mechanism includes a movable portion, a fixed portion, a driving assembly, and a position-sensing assembly. The movable portion is used for connecting to an optical element. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The movable portion is in an accommodating space in the fixed portion. The driving assembly is used for driving the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The control assembly provides a driving signal to the driving assembly to control the driving assembly. The position-sensing assembly is used for detecting the movement of the movable portion relation to the fixed portion and providing a motion-sensing signal to the control assembly.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.62/879,190, filed on Jul. 26, 2019, and 62/894,295, filed on Aug. 30,2019, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE Field of the Disclosure

The present disclosure relates to an optical element driving system.

Description of the Related Art

As technology has developed, it has become more common to includeimage-capturing and video-recording functions into many types of modernelectronic devices, such as smartphones and digital cameras. Theseelectronic devices are used more and more often, and new models havebeen developed that are convenient, thin, and lightweight, offering morechoice to consumers.

Electronic devices that have image-capturing or video-recordingfunctions normally include a driving mechanism to drive an opticalelement (such as a lens) to move along its optical axis, therebyachieving auto focus (AF) or optical image stabilization (OIS). Lightmay pass through the optical element and may form an image on an opticalsensor. However, the trend in modern mobile devices is to have a smallersize and more durability. As a result, how to effectively reduce thesize of the driving mechanism and how to increase its durability hasbecome an important issue.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF DISCLOSURE

An optical element driving system is provided. The optical elementdriving system includes an optical element driving mechanism and acontrol assembly. The optical element driving mechanism includes amovable portion, a fixed portion, a driving assembly, and aposition-sensing assembly. The movable portion is used for connecting toan optical element. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixedportion. The movable portion is in an accommodating space in the fixedportion. The driving assembly is used for driving the movable portion tomove relative to the fixed portion. The control assembly provides adriving signal to the driving assembly to control the driving assembly.The position-sensing assembly is used for detecting the movement of themovable portion relation to the fixed portion and providingmotion-sensing signal to the control assembly.

In some embodiments, the optical element driving system furtherincludes: a stabilized assembly used for providing a predetermined forceto the movable portion, an inertia-sensing assembly used for detectingthe movement of the optical element driving mechanism and providinginertia-sensing signal to the control assembly, a temperature-sensingassembly used for detecting the temperature of the optical elementdriving mechanism and providing temperature-sensing signal to thecontrol assembly. The driving assembly includes a first driving element,and the material of the first driving element includes shape memoryalloy. The control assembly provides a driving signal based on controlinformation, the control information includes sensing matchinginformation pertaining to the relationship between the movement of themovable portion relative to the fixed portion and the motion-sensingsignal, correcting information used for correcting the sensing matchinginformation, a predetermined position used for defining the condition ofthe movable portion relative to the fixed portion when the opticalelement driving mechanism is started, a predetermined movable rangedefining the maximum movable range of the movable portion relative tothe fixed portion. In a high-temperature condition, the first limitinformation is defined as a current or a voltage that increases thetemperature of the driving assembly to the phase transition temperatureof the driving assembly. In the high-temperature condition, the firstlimit information is defined as a minimum current or a minimum voltagerequired to make the driving assembly generate a tension higher than 0.In the high-temperature condition, the first limit information isdefined as a minimum current or a minimum voltage required to move themovable portion to the predetermined position. The control informationfurther includes second limiting information used to limit the drivingsignal. In a low-temperature condition, the second limiting informationis defined as the maximum current or the maximum voltage when the shapevariation of the driving assembly is less than or equal to a boundaryvariation, and the boundary variation is defined as the variation of thedriving assembly that plastic deformation is about to occur when thedriving assembly is deformed. In the low-temperature condition, thesecond limiting information is defined as the maximum current or themaximum voltage when the shape variation rate of the driving assembly isless than or equal to a boundary variation rate, and the boundaryvariation rate is defined as the variation rate of the driving assemblythat plastic deformation is about to occur when the driving assembly isdeformed. The second limiting information is defined as the maximumcurrent or the maximum voltage when a variation of the predeterminedmovable range is less than a ratio after the driving assembly is usedfor a certain number of times. The temperature of the high-temperaturecondition is higher than the temperature of the low-temperaturecondition. The control information further includes predetermined startinformation used for determining a predetermined value of the drivingsignal when the optical element driving mechanism starts. The controlinformation further includes inertia-compensation information thatincludes details about the relationship between the inertia-sensingsignal and the driving signal, the motion-sensing signal, or the imagesignal. The control information further includes high-frequencyfiltering information, wherein the high-frequency signal in themotion-sensing signal, the inertia-sensing signal, or the driving signalis removed by the control assembly based on the high-frequency filteringinformation. The frequency of the high frequency defined by thehigh-frequency filtering information is higher than 10000 Hz. Thehigh-frequency filtering information is defined by the maximum movablefrequency of the optical element driving mechanism. The image signal isgenerated by an optical sensor. The driving signal includes a firstgroup of signals, including: a first signal and a second signal, whereinthe frequency of the first signal is different than the frequency of thesecond signal.

In some embodiments, the control information further includes acorrecting procedure, including: finishing the assembly of the opticalelement driving mechanism; measuring and recording the relationshipbetween the movement of the movable portion relative to the fixedportion using external equipment; updating the sensing matchinginformation and redefining the predetermined start information and thepredetermined position; and calculating and analyzing the sensingmatching information to gain an accommodating formula, and recording theaccommodating formula in the correcting information.

In some embodiments, the control assembly starts the driving assemblybased on the temperature-sensing signal, the temperature-compensationinformation, the motion-sensing signal, and the predetermined startinformation by providing a driving signal to the driving assembly.

In some embodiments, when the driving assembly is controlled by thedriving signal provided by the control assembly, the intensity of thedriving signal is higher than the intensity of the first limitinformation and lower than the intensity of the second limitinformation.

In some embodiments, during a vibration compensation, the controlassembly provides a driving signal based on the inertia-compensationinformation, the motion-sensing signal, and the inertia-compensationsignal.

In some embodiments, the control assembly adjusts the first signal orthe second signal based on the temperature-sensing signal and thetemperature-compensation information.

In some embodiments, the control assembly adjusts the second signalbased on the temperature-sensing signal and the temperature-compensationinformation, the frequency of the second signal is higher than thefrequency of the first signal, and the frequency of the second signal isless than 10000 Hz.

In some embodiments, the amplitude of the second signal is higher thanthe amplitude of the first signal.

In some embodiments, the driving assembly further includes a seconddriving element, the material of the second driving element includesshape memory alloy, when the control assembly provides a driving signal,the direction of the driving force generated by the first drivingelement is different than the direction of the driving force generatedby the second driving element. The driving signal further includes asecond group of signals, the first group of signals is provided to thefirst driving element, the second group of signals is provided to thesecond driving element, the power of the first group of signals isdifferent than the power of the second group of signals, and the controlinformation further includes proportion information used for recordingthe relationship between the first group of signals and the second groupof signals.

An optical element driving system is provided. The optical elementdriving system includes an optical element driving mechanism and acontrol assembly. The optical element driving mechanism includes amovable portion, a fixed portion, a driving assembly, and aposition-sensing assembly. The movable portion is used for connecting toan optical element. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixedportion. The movable portion is in an accommodating space in the fixedportion. The driving assembly is used for driving the movable portion tomove relative to the fixed portion. The control assembly provides adriving signal to the driving assembly to control the driving assembly.The position-sensing assembly is used for detecting the movement of themovable portion relation to the fixed portion and providingmotion-sensing signal to the control assembly.

In some embodiments, the optical element driving system furtherincludes: a stabilized assembly used for providing a predetermined forceto the movable portion, an inertia-sensing assembly used for detectingthe movement of the optical element driving mechanism and providinginertia-sensing signal to the control assembly, a temperature-sensingassembly used for detecting the temperature of the optical elementdriving mechanism and providing temperature-sensing signal to thecontrol assembly. The driving assembly includes a first driving element,and the material of the first driving element includes shape memoryalloy. The control assembly provides a driving signal based on controlinformation, the control information includes sensing matchinginformation pertaining to the relationship between the movement of themovable portion relative to the fixed portion and the motion-sensingsignal, correcting information used for correcting the sensing matchinginformation, a predetermined position used for defining the condition ofthe movable portion relative to the fixed portion when the opticalelement driving mechanism is started, a predetermined movable rangedefining the maximum movable range of the movable portion relative tothe fixed portion. In a high-temperature condition, the first limitinformation is defined as a current or a voltage that increases thetemperature of the driving assembly to the phase transition temperatureof the driving assembly. In the high-temperature condition, the firstlimit information is defined as a minimum current or a minimum voltagerequired to make the driving assembly generate a tension higher than 0.In the high-temperature condition, the first limit information isdefined as a minimum current or a minimum voltage required to move themovable portion to the predetermined position. The control informationfurther includes second limiting information used to limit the drivingsignal. In a low-temperature condition, the second limiting informationis defined as the maximum current or the maximum voltage when the shapevariation of the driving assembly is less than or equal to a boundaryvariation, and the boundary variation is defined as the variation of thedriving assembly that plastic deformation is about to occur when thedriving assembly is deformed. In the low-temperature condition, thesecond limiting information is defined as the maximum current or themaximum voltage when the shape variation rate of the driving assembly isless than or equal to a boundary variation rate, and the boundaryvariation rate is defined as the variation rate of the driving assemblythat plastic deformation is about to occur when the driving assembly isdeformed. The second limiting information is defined as the maximumcurrent or the maximum voltage when a variation of the predeterminedmovable range is less than a ratio after the driving assembly is usedfor a certain number of times. The temperature of the high-temperaturecondition is higher than the temperature of the low-temperaturecondition. The control information further includes predetermined startinformation used for determining a predetermined value of the drivingsignal when the optical element driving mechanism starts. The controlinformation further includes inertia-compensation information thatincludes details about the relationship between the inertia-sensingsignal and the driving signal, the motion-sensing signal, or the imagesignal. The control information further includes high-frequencyfiltering information, wherein the high-frequency signal in themotion-sensing signal, the inertia-sensing signal, or the driving signalis removed by the control assembly based on the high-frequency filteringinformation. The frequency of the high frequency defined by thehigh-frequency filtering information is higher than 10000 Hz. Thehigh-frequency filtering information is defined by the maximum movablefrequency of the optical element driving mechanism. The image signal isgenerated by an optical sensor. The driving signal includes a firstgroup of signals, including: a first signal and a second signal, whereinthe frequency of the first signal is different than the frequency of thesecond signal.

In some embodiments, the control information further includes acorrecting procedure, including: finishing the assembly of the opticalelement driving mechanism; measuring and recording the relationshipbetween the movement of the movable portion relative to the fixedportion using external equipment; updating the sensing matchinginformation and redefining the predetermined start information and thepredetermined position; and calculating and analyzing the sensingmatching information to gain an accommodating formula, and recording theaccommodating formula in the correcting information.

In some embodiments, the control assembly starts the driving assemblybased on the temperature-sensing signal, the temperature-compensationinformation, the motion-sensing signal, and the predetermined startinformation by providing a driving signal to the driving assembly.

In some embodiments, when the driving assembly is controlled by thedriving signal provided by the control assembly, the intensity of thedriving signal is higher than the intensity of the first limitinformation and lower than the intensity of the second limitinformation.

In some embodiments, during a vibration compensation, the controlassembly provides a driving signal based on the inertia-compensationinformation, the motion-sensing signal, and the inertia-compensationsignal.

In some embodiments, the control assembly adjusts the first signal orthe second signal based on the temperature-sensing signal and thetemperature-compensation information.

In some embodiments, the control assembly adjusts the second signalbased on the temperature-sensing signal and the temperature-compensationinformation, the frequency of the second signal is higher than thefrequency of the first signal, and the frequency of the second signal isless than 10000 Hz.

In some embodiments, the amplitude of the second signal is higher thanthe amplitude of the first signal.

In some embodiments, the driving assembly further includes a seconddriving element, the material of the second driving element includesshape memory alloy, when the control assembly provides a driving signal,the direction of the driving force generated by the first drivingelement is different than the direction of the driving force generatedby the second driving element. The driving signal further includes asecond group of signals, the first group of signals is provided to thefirst driving element, the second group of signals is provided to thesecond driving element, the power of the first group of signals isdifferent than the power of the second group of signals, and the controlinformation further includes proportion information used for recordingthe relationship between the first group of signals and the second groupof signals.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Aspects of the present disclosure are best understood from the followingdetailed description when read with the accompanying figures. It shouldbe noted that, in accordance with the standard practice in the industry,various features are not drawn to scale. In fact, the dimensions of thevarious features may be arbitrarily increased or reduced for clarity ofdiscussion.

FIG. 1A is a schematic view of an optical element driving mechanism insome embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1B is a schematic view of the optical element driving mechanism.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the optical element driving mechanism.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the optical element driving mechanism.

FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are cross-sectional views illustrated along thelines A-A′ and B-B′ in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 4C is a side view of the optical element driving mechanism whenviewed in the Y direction.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the region R1 in FIG. 1B.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the region R2 in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the optical element driving mechanism whenviewed in the Y direction.

FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B, and FIG. 8C are schematic views when the opticalelement driving mechanism is operating.

FIG. 9A is a schematic view of an optical element driving mechanism insome embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9B is a schematic view of the optical element driving mechanism,and the case is omitted.

FIG. 9C is a top view of the optical element driving mechanism, and thecase is omitted.

FIG. 9D is a side view of the optical element driving mechanism, and thecase is omitted.

FIG. 10A, FIG. 10B, FIG. 10C, and FIG. 10D are schematic views when thesecond movable portion, the third movable portion, and the fourthmovable portion of the optical element driving mechanism are in motion.

FIG. 11A is a schematic view of an optical element driving mechanism insome embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11B is a schematic view of the optical element driving mechanism,and the case is omitted.

FIG. 11C is a top view of the optical element driving mechanism, and thecase is omitted.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an optical element driving system in someembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13A is a schematic view of the driving signal.

FIG. 13B is a schematic view of the temperature-compensationinformation;

FIG. 13C is a schematic view of the driving signal.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a correcting procedure.

FIG. 15A is a schematic view of an optical element driving mechanism insome embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15B is a schematic view of an optical element driving system insome embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16A is a schematic view of the driving signal.

FIG. 16B is a schematic view of the temperature-compensationinformation;

FIG. 16C is a schematic view of the driving signal.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a correcting procedure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DISCLOSURE

The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, orexamples, for implementing different features of the provided subjectmatter. Specific examples of components and arrangements are describedbelow to simplify the present disclosure. These are, of course, merelyexamples and are not intended to be limiting. For example, the formationof a first feature over or on a second feature in the description thatfollows may include embodiments in which the first and second featuresare in direct contact, and may also include embodiments in whichadditional features may be disposed between the first and secondfeatures, such that the first and second features may not be in directcontact.

In addition, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/orletters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose ofsimplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationshipbetween the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.Moreover, the formation of a feature on, connected to, and/or coupled toanother feature in the present disclosure that follows may includeembodiments in which the features are in direct contact, and may alsoinclude embodiments in which additional features may be disposedinterposing the features, such that the features may not be in directcontact. In addition, spatially relative terms, for example, “vertical,”“above,” “over,” “below,”, “bottom,” etc. as well as derivatives thereof(e.g., “downwardly,” “upwardly,” etc.) are used in the presentdisclosure for ease of description of one feature's relationship toanother feature. The spatially relative terms are intended to coverdifferent orientations of the device, including the features.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used hereinhave the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill inthe art to which this disclosure belongs. It should be appreciated thateach term, which is defined in a commonly used dictionary, should beinterpreted as having a meaning conforming to the relative skills andthe background or the context of the present disclosure, and should notbe interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner unless definedotherwise.

Use of ordinal terms such as “first”, “second”, etc., in the claims tomodify a claim element does not by itself connote any priority,precedence, or order of one claim element over another or the temporalorder in which acts of a method are performed, but are used merely aslabels to distinguish one claim element having a certain name fromanother element having the same name (but for use of the ordinal term)to distinguish the claim elements.

In addition, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, termsconcerning attachments, coupling and the like, such as “connected” and“interconnected”, refer to a relationship wherein structures are securedor attached to one another either directly or indirectly throughintervening structures, as well as both movable or rigid attachments orrelationships, unless expressly described otherwise.

FIG. 1A is a schematic view of an optical element driving mechanism 100in some embodiments of the present disclosure. The optical elementdriving mechanism 100 includes a case 110, a base 120, and otherelements disposed between the case 110 and the base 120. An opening 112is formed on the case 110, and light is allowed to pass through theopening 112 to enter the optical element driving mechanism 100.

FIG. 1B is a schematic view of the optical element driving mechanism100, wherein the case 110 is omitted. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of theoptical element driving mechanism 100. FIG. 3 is a top view of theoptical element driving mechanism 100, wherein the case 110 is omitted.FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are cross-sectional views illustrated along thelines A-A′ and B-B′ in FIG. 3 . Besides the case 110 and the base 120,the optical element driving mechanism 100 further includes sidewalls130, a first movable portion 140, a first connecting element 151, afirst driving assembly 152, a second movable portion 160, a secondconnecting element 171, a second driving assembly 172, a third movableportion 180, a third connecting element 191, and a third drivingassembly 192.

The sidewalls 130 may be disposed on the base 120, and the case 110, thebase 120, and the sidewalls 130 may be called as a fixed portion F usedfor protecting other elements disposed therein. In some embodiments, acircuit (not shown) may be embedded in the fixed portion F (e.g. thesidewalls 130) to electrically connect to other external elements. Forexample, the circuit may be connected to a control assembly 430 (FIG. 12) to control the optical element driving mechanism 100. In someembodiments, the material of the fixed portion F may include plastic toensure the circuit is electrically insulating to the fixed portion, andshort-circuits may be avoided.

The first movable portion 140 may be movably disposed on the fixedportion F to connect to a first optical element (not shown). Forexample, the first optical element may be disposed in a through hole ofthe first movable portion 140 and may have a main axis O extending in,for example, X direction. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4A, a firstguiding assembly 155 may be disposed between the base 120 and the firstmovable portion 140, such as partially disposed in a recess 122 of thebase and a recess 143 of the first movable portion 140.

In some embodiments, the first guiding assembly 155 may have a sphericalshape, and the first movable portion 140 may move relative to the fixedportion F through the first guiding assembly 155. In other words, thefirst guiding assembly 155 may guide the movement of the first movableportion 140 relative to the fixed portion F, such as may be used forlimiting the movable range of the first movable portion 140. However,the shape of the first guiding assembly 155 is not limited thereto. Theshape of the first guiding assembly 155 used for guiding the firstmovable portion 140 may be semispherical, rod-shaped or grooved.Furthermore, a stopping portion 141 and a stopping portion 142 extendingfrom the first movable portion 140 to the case 110. The stopping portion141 and the stopping portion 142 may limit the movable range of thefirst movable portion 140 in the Z direction.

The first connecting element 151 may be disposed on the first movableportion 140. For example, it may be affixed to the first movable portion140 with glue. Afterwards, the first connecting element 151 may beconnected to the fixed portion F (e.g. the sidewall 130) through thefirst driving assembly 152. In some embodiments, the first drivingassembly 152 includes driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and 152D. Thematerial of the first driving assembly may include shape memory alloy(SMA), and have striped shapes. Shape memory alloy is an alloy materialthat can eliminate its deformation at a lower temperature and restoreits original shape before deformation after heating. For example, whenthe shape memory alloy is subjected to a limited plastic deformation ata temperature lower than the phase transition temperature, the shape ofthe shape memory alloy may be restored to the original shape beforedeformation by heating.

In some embodiments, when a signal (e.g. voltage or current) is providedto the driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and 152D, the temperature maybe increased by thermal effect of current, so that the length of thedriving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and 152D may be decreased. On thecontrary, if a signal having a lower intensity is provided which makesthe heating rate lower than the heat dissipation rate of environment,the temperature of the driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and 152D maybe decreased, and the length may be increased. Therefore, the firstmovable portion 140 may be driven by the first driving assembly 152 tomove relative to the fixed portion F. For example, the first movableportion 140 may be driven by the first driving assembly 152A to rotateby a first rotational axis (e.g. an axis parallel to the Z axis), or maymove in a direction that is perpendicular to the main axis O.

In some embodiments, the driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and 152D maybe positioned on the same virtual plane (not shown), such a plane havinga normal vector in the Z direction. Therefore, the force of the drivingassembly 152 applied to the first movable portion 140 may be controlledin the XY plane.

In some embodiments, the driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and 152Dapply forces that have different directions to the first movable portion140. In some embodiments, the directions of the forces applied by thedriving elements 152A and 152D are substantially opposite, and thedirections of the forces applied by the driving elements 152B and 152Care substantially opposite. Moreover, in some embodiments, the directionof the resultant force applied by the driving elements 152A and 152B tothe first movable portion 140 is in the −X direction, and the directionof the resultant force applied by the driving elements 152C and 152D tothe first movable portion 140 is in the X direction. Therefore, theposition of the first movable portion 140 in the X direction may becontrolled by controlling the driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and152D.

Furthermore, in some embodiments, the direction of the resultant forceapplied by the driving elements 152A and 152C to the first movableportion 140 is in the Y direction, and the direction of the resultantforce applied by the driving elements 152B and 152D to the first movableportion 140 is in the −Y direction. Therefore, the position of the firstmovable portion 140 in the Y direction may also be controlled bycontrolling the driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and 152D. In otherwords, the first driving assembly 152 may control the position of thefirst movable portion 140 to achieve auto focus or optical imagestabilization.

The driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and 152D are connected to thefixed portion through the respective electrical connecting elements156A, 156B, 156C, and 156D disposed on the sidewalls 130. Moreover, theelectrical connecting elements 156A, 156B, 156C, and 156D may beelectrically connected to the circuit (not shown) embedded in thesidewall 130, so electrical signal may be provided to the electricalconnecting elements 156A, 156B, 156C, and 156D to control the firstdriving assembly 152. Moreover, the first connecting element 151 may beelectrically connected to a contact portion 154 through a resilientelement 153. For example, the material of the resilient element 153 mayhave metal to elastically connect to the first connecting element 151and the contact portion 154. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3 ,the first driving assembly 152 does not overlap the resilient element153 when viewed in the Z direction. As a result, the chance of theoccurrence of short-circuits between the first driving assembly 152 andthe resilient element 153 may be decreased to increase safety.

In some embodiments, the contact portion 154 may be disposed on thesidewalls 130 and may be used for grounding or electrically connected toother elements. In other words, the driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C,and 152D may be electrically connected to each other in parallel, ordifferent signals may be provided to the driving elements 152A, 152B,152C, and 152D. As a result, the driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and152D may be controlled separately.

In some embodiments, the electrical connecting elements 156A, 156B,156C, and 156D at least partially exposed from the fixed portion F, andmay be partially embedded in the fixed portion F, depending on designrequirements. Furthermore, the driving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and152D may be clipped in the respective electrical connecting elements156A, 156B, 156C, and 156D, and they may, for example, be in directcontact with the respective electrical connecting elements 156A, 156B,156C, and 156D.

The second movable portion 160 may be affixed to the fixed portion F andmay be connected to a second optical element (not shown). For example,the second optical element may be disposed in the through hole of thesecond movable portion 160. For example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the secondmovable portion 160 may be disposed on the extension portions 132 of thesidewalls 130 by connecting to the extension portions 132 through secondguiding assemblies 168. The extension portion 132 may extend from thesidewall 130 to the inner portion of the optical element drivingmechanism 100, and may be in contact with the base 120.

In some embodiments, the second guiding assembly 168 may have aspherical shape, and the second movable portion 160 may move relative tothe fixed portion F through the second guiding assembly 168. In otherwords, the second guiding assembly may be used for guiding the movementof the second movable portion 160 relative to the fixed portion F, suchas used for limiting the movable range of the second movable portion160. However, the shape of the second guiding assembly 168 is notlimited thereto. A second guiding assembly 168 having a rod shape or agroove shape may also be used to guide the second movable portion 160.

In some embodiments, the second movable portion 160 may include a firstportion 162, a second portion 164, and a connecting portion 166. Theconnecting portion 166 may be disposed between the first portion 162 andthe second portion 164 to connect the first portion 162 and the secondportion 164. As a result, the first portion 162 and the second portion164 may move in the same direction. In some embodiments, a secondoptical element may be disposed in the first portion 162, and a fourthoptical element (not shown) may be disposed in the second portion 164.

The second connecting element 171 may include connecting units 171A and171B, and may be disposed on the second movable portion 160. Forexample, it may be affixed to the second movable portion 160 with glue.Therefore, the second connecting element 171 may be connected to thefixed portion F (e.g. the sidewalls 130) through the second drivingassembly 172. In some embodiments, the second driving assembly 172includes driving elements 172A, 172B, 172C, and 172D. The material ofthe second driving assembly 172 includes shape memory alloy, and may bestrip-shaped. As a result, the second movable portion 160 may be drivenby the second driving assembly 172 to move relative to the fixed portionF or the first movable portion 140.

In some embodiments, the driving element 172A, the connecting element171A, and the driving element 172B are electrically connected each otherin series, and the driving element 172C, the connecting element 171B,and the driving element 172D are electrically connected each other inseries. In other words, the driving elements 172A and 172B may be drivenat the same time, and the driving elements 172C and 172D may be drivenat the same time. In some embodiments, a protruding portion 163 may bepositioned on a second movable portion 160 between the connecting unit171A and 171B to connect the connecting unit 171A and 171B, soshort-circuits may be prevented from occurring between the connectingunit 171A and 171B.

In some embodiments, forces in different directions may be applied tothe second movable portion 160 through the driving elements 172A, 172B,172C, and 172D. In some embodiments, the direction of the resultantforce applied by the driving elements 172A and 172B to the secondmovable portion 160 is in the −X direction, and the direction of theresultant force applied by the driving elements 172C and 172D to thesecond movable portion 160 is in the X direction. Therefore, theposition of the second movable portion 160 in the X direction may becontrolled by controlling the driving elements 172A, 172B, 172C, and172D.

Moreover, in some embodiments, the direction of the resultant forceapplied by the driving elements 172A and 172C to the second movableportion 160 along the Y axis is in the Y direction, and the direction ofthe resultant force applied by the driving elements 172B and 172D to thesecond movable portion 160 along the Y axis is in −Y direction.Therefore, the position of the second movable portion 160 in the Ydirection may be controlled by controlling the driving elements 172A,172B, 172C, and 172D. In other words, the second driving assembly 172may be used to control the position of the second movable portion 160 toachieve auto focus or optical image stabilization. In some embodiments,as shown in FIG. 3 , the resilient element 153 at least partiallyoverlaps the second driving assembly (e.g. the driving element 172A or172B) when viewed in the Z direction.

The driving elements 172A, 172B, 172C, and 172D are respectivelyconnected to the fixed portion F through the electrical connectingelements 173A, 173B, 173C, and 173D that are disposed on the sidewalls130. In some embodiments, the electrical connecting elements 173A, 173B,173C, and 173D are partially exposed from the fixed portion F, and aportion of the electrical connecting elements 173A, 173B, 173C, and 173Dmay be embedded in the fixed portion F, depending on designrequirements. Furthermore, the driving elements 172A, 172B, 172C, and172D may be clipped in the respective electrical connecting elements173A, 173B, 173C, and 173D. For example, the driving elements 172A,172B, 172C, and 172D may be in direct contact with the respectiveelectrical connecting elements 173A, 173B, 173C, and 173D.

The third movable portion 180 may be disposed on the second movableportion 160. For example, as shown in FIG. 4B, the third movable portion180 may be connected to the second movable portion 160 through the thirdguiding assemblies 182, and a third optical element (not shown) may bedisposed on the third movable portion 180. In some embodiments, thethird guiding assembly 182 may have a spherical shape, and the thirdmovable portion 180 may move relative to the second movable portion 160through the third guiding assembly 182. In other words, the thirdguiding assembly 182 may guide the movement of the third movable portion180 relative to the second movable portion 160, such as may be used forlimiting the movable range of the third movable portion 180. However,the shape of the third guiding assembly 182 is not limited thereto. Theshape of the third guiding assembly 182 used for guiding the thirdmovable portion 180 may be semispherical, rod-shaped or grooved.

The third connecting element 191 may be disposed on the third movableportion 180. For example, it may be affixed to the third movable portion180 with glue. Therefore, the third connecting element 191 may beconnected to the second movable portion 192 through the third drivingassembly 192. In some embodiments, the third driving assembly 192includes driving elements 192A and 192B. The material of the thirddriving assembly 192 includes shape memory alloy, and may bestrip-shaped. As a result, the third movable portion 180 may be drivenby the third driving assembly 192 to move relative to the fixed portionF, the first movable portion 140, or the second movable portion 180.Furthermore, the direction of the resultant force applied by the drivingelements 192A and 192B to the third movable portion 180 may be in the Xdirection, so the third driving assembly 192 may drive the third movableportion 180 to move in the X direction. The driving assembly 192A may beelectrically connected to the driving assembly 192B in series throughthe third connecting element 191.

In some embodiments, an additional resilient element (not shown) may bedisposed between the third movable portion 180 and the second movableportion 160 (or between the third movable portion and the fixed portionF) to be elastically connected to the third movable portion 180 and thesecond movable portion 160 (or the fixed portion F). Therefore, a forcein the −X direction may be provided to the third movable portion 180 tocontrol the position of the third movable portion 180 in the Xdirection. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 3 , the first drivingassembly 152 does not overlap the third driving assembly 192 when viewedin the Z direction. As a result, the size of the optical element drivingmechanism 100 in the Z direction may be reduced to achieveminiaturization.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4B, a plurality of protrudingportions 133 that extend in the Z direction may be provided on thesidewalls 130. In the X direction, the first driving assembly 152 andthe third driving assembly 192 may be disposed between the protrudingportions 133. In the Z direction, the distance between the protrudingportion 133 and the case 110 (not shown in FIG. 4B) is greater than thedistance between the first driving assembly 152 (or the third drivingassembly 192) and the case 110. Therefore, the first driving assembly152 or the third driving assembly 192 may be prevented from collidingthe case 110, so the durability of the optical element driving mechanism100 may be enhanced.

The driving elements 192A and 192B are respectively connected to thefixed portion F through the electrical connecting elements 193A and 193Bthat are disposed on the sidewalls 130. In some embodiments, theelectrical connecting elements 193A and 193B are partially exposed fromthe fixed portion F, and a portion of the electrical connecting elements193A and 193B may be embedded in the fixed portion F, depending ondesign requirements. Furthermore, the driving elements 192A and 192B maybe clipped in the respective electrical connecting elements 193A and193B. For example, the driving elements 192A and 192B may be in directcontact with the respective electrical connecting elements 193A and193B.

FIG. 4C is a side view of the optical element driving mechanism 100viewed from the Y direction, wherein the case 110 and one of thesidewalls 130 are omitted. As shown in FIG. 4C, the first drivingassembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, and the third drivingassembly 192 do not overlap each other. Therefore, the size of theoptical element driving mechanism 100 in the Y direction may be reducedto achieve miniaturization.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the region R1 in FIG. 1 . As shown in FIG.5 , the first connecting element 151 may include connecting portions151A, 151B, 151C, and 151D having bent shapes. The driving elements152A, 152B, 152C, and 152D may be respectively disposed in theconnecting portions 151A, 151B, 151C, and 151D, such as be clipped inthe connecting portions 151A, 151B, 151C, and 151D. Therefore, thedriving elements 152A, 152B, 152C, and 152D may be electricallyconnected to the first connecting element 151 through the connectingportions 151A, 151B, 151C, and 151D. In other words, the drivingelements 152A, 152B, 152C, and 152D are electrically connected to eachother.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the region R2 in FIG. 3 . As shown in FIG.6 , the second driving assembly 172 partially overlaps the first drivingassembly 152 or the third driving assembly 192 when viewed in the Zdirection. As a result, the size of the optical element drivingmechanism 100 in other directions may be reduced. Moreover, when viewedin the Z direction, the driving element 172A does not overlap thedriving element 172C, and the driving element 172B does not overlap thedriving element 172D (FIG. 3 ) to achieve miniaturization. As shown inFIG. 6 , the portion of the driving assembly 172 that is clipped in thesecond connecting element 171 may be exposed from the second connectingelement 171.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the optical element driving mechanism 100when viewed in the X direction. As shown in FIG. 7 , the fixed portion Fis rectangular and has a first side (left side in FIG. 7 ), a secondside (upper side in FIG. 7 ), and a third side (right side in FIG. 7 )connected each other in sequence. In some embodiments, the first drivingassembly 152 and the second driving assembly 172 are positioned atdifferent sides of the fixed portion F.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7 , the first driving assembly 152 ispositioned at the second side, and the second driving assembly 172 ispositioned at the first side and the third side, and the third drivingassembly 192 (FIG. 1B) is positioned at the first side and the thirdside. The first side has a length L1, the second side has a length L2(such as the distance between the outer surface 130B of the leftsidewall 130 and the outer surface 130C of the right sidewall 130 in theY direction), and the third side has a length L3. The first length L1 issubstantially equal to the third length L3 (such as the distance betweenthe bottom surface 120A of the base 120 and the top surface 130A of thesidewall 130 in the Z direction), and the length L2 is greater than thelength L1 and the length L3. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1B, the seconddriving assembly 192 is also positioned at the second side. In otherwords, when viewed in the X direction, the first driving assembly 152does not overlap the second driving assembly 172, and the third drivingassembly 192 does not overlap the second driving assembly 172 to reducethe size of the optical element driving mechanism 100 in the Xdirection. Furthermore, the first driving assembly 152 and the thirddriving assembly 192 are positioned at the second side, so at least aportion of the first driving assembly 152 overlaps the third drivingassembly, so the size of the optical element driving mechanism 100 inother directions may be reduced to achieve miniaturization.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7 , the driving element 172 mayoverlap the driving element 172C, and the driving element 172B mayoverlap the driving element 172D. In other words, the driving element172A and the driving element 172C may be positioned on a virtual plane(not shown), and the driving element 172B and the driving element 172Dmay be positioned on another virtual plane (not shown). The two virtualplanes are different and parallel to X direction. Therefore, the drivingelement 172A may be connected to the first movable portion 140 through aconnection point P1, and connected to the sidewall 130 of the fixedportion F through a connection point P2. The driving element 172B may beconnected to the first movable portion 140 through a connection pointP3, and connected to the sidewall 130 of the fixed portion F through aconnection point P4. In the Z direction, a height difference H1 isbetween the connection points P1 and P2, and a height difference H2 isbetween the connection points P3 and P4. In other words, the drivingelements 172A and 172B (or 172C and 172D) have a portion that extends inthe Z direction. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the driving elements172A, 172B, 172C, 172D, 192A, and 192B are not parallel, so the movabledirection of the second movable portion 160 and the third movableportion 180 may be increased.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1B, FIG. 3 , and FIG. 7 , theoptical element driving mechanism 100 further includes a position sensor134A and a sensing magnetic element 134B, and the position sensor 134Aand the sensing magnetic element 134B may be called as aposition-sensing assembly 134. The position sensor 134A may be affixedto the fixed portion, such as disposed on the sidewall 130, and thesensing magnetic element 134B may be disposed on the first movableportion 140.

In some embodiments, the position sensor 134A may include, for example,a Hall sensor, a magnetoresistance effect sensor (MR sensor), a giantmagnetoresistance effect sensor (GMR Sensor), a tunneling amagnetoresistance effect sensor (TMR Sensor), or a fluxgate sensor, andthe sensing magnetic element 134B may be, for example, a magnet. Forexample, the position sensor 134A may detect the magnetic fieldvariation caused by the sensing magnetic element 134B that moves withthe first movable portion 140, so the position of the first movableportion 140 may be received. Although only a set of position-sensingassembly 134 is shown in FIG. 7 , the present disclosure is not limitedthereto. In some embodiments, position sensing assemblies thatcorresponds to the second movable portion 160 or the third movableportion 180 may be provided to get the position of the second movableportion 160 or the third movable portion 180.

As shown in FIG. 7 , when viewed in the X direction, theposition-sensing assembly 134 does not overlap the first drivingassembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, and the third drivingassembly 192. Therefore, the size of the optical element drivingmechanism 100 in the X direction may be reduced to achieveminiaturization. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the height of thestopping portion 141 and the height of the stopping portion 142 may beidentical in the Z direction. The distance between the top surface 140Aof the first movable portion 140 to the top surface 141A of the stoppingportion 141 may be D1, and the distance D1 is greater than the distanceD2 between the first driving assembly 152 and the top surface 140A.Therefore, the first driving assembly 152 may be prevented fromcolliding with the case 110 when the first movable portion 140 moves inthe Z direction. Instead, the movable range of the first movable portion140 in the Z direction may be restricted by the stopping portion 141 orthe stopping portion 142 to protect the first driving assembly 152, sothe durability of the optical element driving mechanism 100 may beimproved.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 7 , when viewed in the Xdirection, the second driving assembly 172 and the first drivingassembly 152 are positioned at different sides of the fixed portion F,and the second driving assembly 172 and the third driving assembly 192are positioned at different sides of the fixed portion F. Furthermore,the first guiding assembly 155 and the first driving assembly 152 arepositioned at different sides of the fixed portion F, the first guidingassembly 155 and the second driving assembly 172 are positioned atdifferent sides of the fixed portion F, the first guiding assembly 155and the third driving assembly 192 are positioned at different sides ofthe fixed portion F. The second guiding assembly 168 and the firstdriving assembly 152 are positioned at different sides of the fixedportion F, the second guiding assembly 168 and the second drivingassembly 172 are positioned at different sides of the fixed portion F,the second guiding assembly 168 and the third driving assembly 192 arepositioned at different sides of the fixed portion F. In someembodiments, the third guiding assembly 182 and the first drivingassembly 152 are positioned at different sides of the fixed portion F,the third guiding assembly 182 and the second driving assembly 172 arepositioned at different sides of the fixed portion F, the third guidingassembly 182 and the third driving assembly 192 are positioned atdifferent sides of the fixed portion F.

For example, the second guiding assembly 168 is positioned at the secondside, and the third guiding assembly is positioned at the second side.In other words, as shown in FIG. 7 , when viewed in the X direction, thefirst guiding assembly 155 does not overlap the second guiding assembly168, second guiding assembly 168 does not overlap the third guidingassembly 182, and the third guiding assembly 182 does not overlap thefirst guiding assembly 155.

FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B, and FIG. 8C are schematic views when the secondmovable portion 160 and the third movable portion 180 of the opticalelement driving mechanism 100 are operating. The case 110 and one of thesidewalls 130 are omitted to show the relationship between the elementsmore clearly. It should be noted that the third movable portion 180 isin the second movable portion 160 in the X direction. As shown in FIG.8A and FIG. 8B, when the second movable portion 160 moves in the Xdirection, the third movable portion 180 may move together with thesecond movable portion 160 relative to the fixed portion F. Furthermore,as shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8C, the third movable portion 180 may moverelative to the second movable portion 160, and the stroke (or movablerange) of the second movable portion 160 relative to the fixed portion Fmay be different than the stroke (or movable range) of the third movableportion 180 relative to the fixed portion F. Therefore, the secondoptical element (not shown) disposed in the second movable portion 160and the third optical element (not shown) disposed in the third movableportion 180 may be driven individually to achieve desired function (e.g.focus or depth of field adjustment).

The first movable portion 140, the second movable portion 160, and thethird movable portion 180 are arranged in the main axis O, so the firstoptical element, the second optical element, and the third opticalelement (not shown) disposed therein may also be arranged in the mainaxis O. Moreover, because the first movable portion 140, the secondmovable portion 160, and the third movable portion 180 may move alongthe main axis O, auto focus and depth of field adjustment may beachieved to improve the performance of the optical element drivingmechanism 100.

In some embodiments, additional optical elements may be provided in theoptical element driving mechanism 100 to change the path of light. Forexample, additional mirror or prism may be provided on the side of thefirst movable portion 140 that is away from the second movable portion160 to change the light path to parallel the main axis O, to allow thelight enters the first optical element, the second optical element, andthe third optical element.

FIG. 9A is a schematic view of an optical element driving mechanism 200in some embodiments of the present disclosure. The optical elementdriving mechanism 200 includes a case 210, a base 220, and otherelements disposed between the case 210 and the base 220. An opening 212is formed on the case 210, and light is allowed to pass through theopening 212 to enter the optical element driving mechanism 200.

FIG. 9B is a schematic view of the optical element driving mechanism200, and the case 210 is omitted. FIG. 9C is a top view of the opticalelement driving mechanism 200, and the case 210 is omitted. Thestructure of the optical element driving mechanism 200 is substantiallysimilar to that of the optical element driving mechanism 100, and thedescription of similar elements will not be repeated here. It should benoted that the second movable portion 160 of the optical element drivingmechanism 100 is replaced by a second movable portion 262 and a fourthmovable portion 264, and the third movable portion 180 of the opticalelement driving mechanism 100 is replaced by a third movable portion280. A fourth optical element (not shown) may be disposed in the fourthmovable portion 264.

A fourth connecting element 294 may be disposed on the fourth movableportion 264. For example, it may be affixed to the fourth movableportion 264 with glue. The fourth connecting element 294 may beconnected to the sidewall 230 (fixed portion F) through a fourth drivingassembly 295. In some embodiments, the fourth driving assembly 295includes driving elements 295A and 295B. The material of the fourthdriving assembly 295 may include shape memory alloy, and the fourthdriving assembly 295 may be strip-shaped. Therefore, the fourth movableportion 264 may be driven by the fourth driving assembly 295 to moverelative to the fixed portion F, the first movable portion 140, thesecond movable portion 262, or the third movable portion 280.Furthermore, the direction of the resultant force applied by the drivingelements 295A and 295B to the fourth movable portion 264 is in the Xdirection, so the fourth driving assembly 295 may drive the fourthmovable portion 264 to move in the X direction. The driving element 295Amay be electrically connected to the driving element 295B in seriesthrough the fourth connecting element 294.

In some embodiments, additional resilient elements 297A and 297B may bedisposed between the fourth movable portion 264 and the sidewall 230 toelastically connect the fourth movable portion 264 to the sidewall 230.As a result, a force in the X direction may be provided to the fourthmovable portion 264 to control the position of the fourth movableportion 264 in the X direction. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG.9C, the first driving assembly 152 does not overlap the fourth drivingassembly 295 when viewed from the Z direction. As a result, the size ofthe optical element driving in the Z direction may be reduced to achieveminiaturization. In some embodiments, in the X direction, the resilientelements 297A and 297B at least partially overlaps the driving assembly172 in the X direction.

FIG. 9D is a side view of the optical element driving mechanism 200, andthe case 210 is omitted. As shown in FIG. 9D, the second movable portion262, the third movable portion 280, and the fourth movable portion 264are separated from each other, and connected to the extending portions232 of the sidewalls 230 through second guiding assemblies 268, thirdguiding assemblies 282, and fourth guiding assemblies 269, respectively.Therefore, the second movable portion 262, the third movable portion280, and the fourth movable portion 264 may move separately to achieveauto focus, depth of field adjustment, or image magnification, and theperformance of the optical element driving mechanism 200 may beenhanced.

FIG. 10A, FIG. 10B, FIG. 10C, and FIG. 10D are schematic views when thesecond movable portion 262, the third movable portion 280, and thefourth movable portion 264 of the optical element driving mechanism 200are in motion. The case 210 and one of the sidewalls 230 are omitted forclarity. It should be noted that the third movable portion 280 isbetween the second movable portion 262 and the fourth movable portion264. As shown in FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B, when the fourth movable portion264 moves in the X direction, the second movable portion 262 and thethird movable portion 280 may not move with the fourth movable portion264. As shown in FIG. 10B and FIG. 10C, when the third movable portion280 moves in the X direction, the second movable portion 262 and thefourth movable portion 264 may not move with the third movable portion280. As shown in FIG. 10C and FIG. 10D, when the second movable portion262 moves in the X direction, the third movable portion 280 and thefourth movable portion 264 may not move with the second movable portion262.

Therefore, the second optical element, the third optical element, thefourth element (not shown) that are respectively disposed in the secondmovable portion 262, the third movable portion 280, and the fourthmovable portion 264 may be driven individually to achieve desiredfunctions (e.g. focus, depth of field adjustment, or magnification).

FIG. 11A is a schematic view of an optical element driving mechanism 300in some embodiments of the present disclosure. The optical elementdriving mechanism 300 includes a case 310, a base 320, and otherelements disposed between the case 310 and the base 320. An opening 312is formed on the case 310 to allow light entering the optical elementdriving mechanism 300 through the opening 312.

FIG. 11B is a schematic view of the optical element driving mechanism300, and the case 310 is omitted. FIG. 11C is a top view of the opticalelement driving mechanism 300, and the case 310 is omitted. Thestructure of the optical element driving mechanism 300 is substantiallysimilar to that of the optical element driving mechanism 100, and thedescription of similar elements will not be repeated here. It should benoted that the second movable portion 160 of the optical element drivingmechanism 100 is replaced by a second movable portion 362 and a fixedholder 364, and the third movable portion 180 of the optical elementdriving mechanism 100 is replaced by a third movable portion 380.

The fixed holder 364 is affixed on extension portions 332 of sidewalls330, and a fourth optical element (not shown) may be disposed in thefixed holder 364. The fourth optical element may be a special lens, suchas may include glass, or may be low dispersion lens or may be a lightfilter. When the second movable portion 362 or the fourth movableportion 380 moves relative to the base 320, the fixed holder 364 may notmove with the base 320, depending on design requirements. Furthermore,the fixed holder 364 may be used for limiting the movable range of thesecond movable portion 362 or the third movable portion 380.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an optical element driving system 1 insome embodiments of the present disclosure. Not only the optical elementdriving mechanism 100, the optical element driving system furtherincludes an inertia-sensing assembly 410, a temperature-sensing assembly420, and a control assembly 430. As shown in FIG. 12 , theinertia-sensing assembly 410 is used for detecting the movement of theoptical element driving mechanism 100 and providing an inertia-sensingsignal to the control assembly 430. The temperature-sensing assembly 420is used for detecting the temperature of the optical element drivingmechanism 100 and providing a temperature-sensing signal 421 to thecontrol assembly 430. The control assembly 430 is sued for providing adriving signal 431 to the driving assembly D of the optical elementdriving mechanism 100 (which includes the first driving assembly 152,the second driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192) soas to control the driving assembly D of the optical element drivingmechanism 100. Furthermore, the position-sensing assembly 134 of theoptical element driving mechanism 100 also provides a motion-sensingsignal 441 to the control assembly 430.

After the control assembly 430 receives the inertia-sensing signal 411,the temperature-sensing signal 421, and the motion-sensing signal 441,the driving signal 431 may be determined by control information. Thecontrol information may be a combination of different informationrecorded in the control assembly 430 to allow the control assembly 430effectively control the optical element driving mechanism 100 indifferent conditions.

In some embodiments, the control information includes sensing matchinginformation. The sensing matching information includes the relationshipbetween the movement (e.g. stroke or moving distance) of the movableportion M (which includes the first movable portion 140, the secondmovable portion 160, or the third movable portion 180) relative thefixed portion F and the motion-sensing signal 441. For example, thesignal detected by the position-sensing assembly 134 and the movingdistance of the movable portion M relative to the fixed portion F may bematched. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the control informationincludes correcting information used for correcting the sensing matchinginformation. For instance, linear compensation may be applied to thesensing matching information, so that the sensing matching informationmay be closer to the actual movement of the movable portion M relativeto the fixed portion F.

In some embodiments, the control information may include a predeterminedposition of the movable portion M relative to the fixed portion F, andmay be used for defining the state of the movable portion M relative tothe fixed portion F. for example the movable portion M (such as thefirst movable portion 140, the second movable portion 160, or the thirdmovable portion 180) may be position at a middle position or an initialposition.

In some embodiments, the control information may include a predeterminedmovable range of the movable portion M, and the movable portion M haveto move within the movable range relative to the fixed portion F. Inother words, the maximum movable range of the movable portion M relativeto the fixed portion F may be defined as the predetermined movable rangeto prevent the movable portion M from being damaged due to exceededmoving range.

FIG. 13A is a schematic view of the driving signal 431. In someembodiments, the control information may include first limit information432 for defining the minimum value of the driving signal 431 and secondlimit information 433 for defining the maximum value of the drivingsignal 431. In other words, the range of the driving signal 431 isbetween the first limit information 432 and the second limit information433. The first limit information 432 may be defined as the requiredminimum signal intensity provided to the optical element drivingmechanism 100 when the optical element driving mechanism is stable.

As shown in FIG. 13A, the first limit information 432 may be defined bylimit information 432A, 432B, and 432C. For example, the limitinformation 432A may include a minimum signal intensity (e.g. voltage orcurrent) to allow the temperature of the first driving assembly 152, thesecond driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192 increasedto its phase transition temperature in a high-temperature condition(e.g. about 60 degree C.), and the first driving assembly 152, thesecond driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192 includesshape memory alloy. The limit information 432B may include a minimumsignal intensity (e.g. voltage or current) to allow the first drivingassembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or the third drivingassembly 192 generate a tension higher than 0 in a high-temperaturecondition (e.g. about 60 degree C.), and the first driving assembly 152,the second driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192includes shape memory alloy. The limit information 432C may include aminimum signal intensity (e.g. voltage or current) to move the movableportion M to the predetermined position in a high-temperature condition(e.g. about 60 degree C.). The first limit information 432 may be chosenfrom the limit information 432A, 432B, or 432C, depending on designrequirements. Moreover, FIG. 13A is only an example of the signalintensity of the limit information 432A, 432B, or 432C, and the presentdisclosure is not limited thereto. The signal intensity of the limitinformation 432A, 432B, or 432C may be changed based on actualcondition.

The second limit information 433 may be defined as the maximum signalintensity than the optical element driving mechanism can withstand. Ifthe signal intensity of the driving signal 431 is higher than the secondlimit information 433, the driving assembly D (the first drivingassembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or the third drivingassembly 192) may be damaged. As shown in FIG. 13A, the second limitinformation may be defined by limit information 433A, 433B, and 433C.

For example, the limit information 433A may include the maximum signalintensity (e.g. voltage or current) when the size variation the firstdriving assembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or the thirddriving assembly 192 is less than or equal to a boundary variation in alow-temperature condition (e.g. less than about −30 degree C.), and thefirst driving assembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or thethird driving assembly 192 includes shape memory alloy. The boundaryvariation may be defined as the variation that plastic deformation isabout to occur when the first driving assembly 152, the second drivingassembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192 deforms. In other words,if the deformation of the first driving assembly 152, the second drivingassembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192 exceeds the boundaryvariation, plastic deformation will occur.

For example, the limit information 433B may include the maximum signalintensity (e.g. voltage or current) when the size variation rate thefirst driving assembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or thethird driving assembly 192 is less than a boundary variation rate. Theboundary variation rate may be defined as the variation rate thatplastic deformation is about to occur when the first driving assembly152, the second driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192deforms. In other words, if the variation rate of the first drivingassembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or the third drivingassembly 192 exceeds the boundary variation rate, plastic deformationwill occur. The temperature of the high-temperature condition is higherthan the low-temperature condition.

For example, the limit information 433C may include the maximum signalintensity (e.g. voltage or current) of the first driving assembly 152,the second driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192 afterused for a specific times (e.g. 30000 times) that makes the movablerange of the first driving assembly 152, the second driving assembly172, or the third driving assembly 192 less than a proportion (e.g. 5%)or a value (e.g. 10 μm).

Although the limit information 433C is shown as higher than the limitinformation 433B, and the limit information 433B is shown as higher thanthe limit information 433A, the present disclosure is not limitedthereto. For example, the value of the limit information 433A, 433B, and433C may change based on actual condition, and FIG. 13A only shows oneof the conditions.

In some embodiments, the control information may include predeterminedstart information used for determining the predetermined value of thedriving signal 431 when the optical element driving mechanism 100starts. The predetermined start information may prevent the controlassembly 430 provides a driving signal 431 that is too high or too lowto the optical element driving mechanism 100.

In some embodiments, the control information may includetemperature-compensation information used for correcting the influencecaused by environmental temperature to the position-sensing assembly 134and the driving assembly D (the first driving assembly 152, the seconddriving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192). Because thetemperature-sensing assembly 420 and the driving assembly D may beinfluenced by temperature, the influence may be corrected by thetemperature-compensation information.

For example, FIG. 13B shows a temperature matching relationship 434(which includes temperature matching relationships 434A, 434B, and 434C)and temperature correct information 435 (which includes temperaturecorrect information 435A, 435B, and 435C). The temperature matchingrelationships 434A, 434B, and 434C represent the relationships betweenthe stroke of the movable portion M and the signal intensity of thedriving assembly D in different environmental temperatures. In someembodiments, the environmental temperature of the temperature matchingrelationship 434A is higher than the temperature of the temperaturematching relationship 434B, and the environmental temperature of thetemperature matching relationship 434B is higher than the temperature ofthe temperature matching relationship 434C. For example, under theenvironmental temperature of the temperature matching relationship 434A,lower signal intensity is required to allow the movable portion M reacha desired stroke when compared with the environmental temperature of thetemperature matching relationship 434B.

In some embodiments, linear compensation may be applied to thetemperature matching relationship 434 to get the temperature correctinformation 435 (which includes temperature correct information 435A,435B, and 435C), and the temperature correct information 435 may berecorded in the temperature-compensation information. Therefore, therelationship between the parameters may be linear, and the controlmethod may be simplified. As a result, when the environmentaltemperature changes, the influence of the environmental temperature tothe driving assembly D may be compensated by thetemperature-compensation information. In some embodiments, thetemperature-compensation information is not required, and the influenceof the environmental temperature may be corrected based on themotion-sensing signal 441, based on design requirements.

In some embodiments, the control signal may include inertia-compensationinformation. The inertia-compensation information may include therelationship between the inertia-sensing signal 411 and the drivingsignal 431, the motion-sensing signal 441, or the image signal. Theimage signal may be signal provided by an optical sensor (not shown) inthe optical element driving mechanism 100, in other words, theinformation received by the optical elements in the optical elementdriving mechanism 100. The inertia-compensation information may be usedfor compensating the influence of environments with different inertia tothe optical element driving system 1, such as different moving speed orrotational angle, etc.

In some embodiments, the control information may include high-frequencyfiltering information. The control assembly 430 removes high frequencysignal in the inertia sensing information 411, the temperature-sensingsignal 421, the driving signal 431, and the motion-sensing signal 441based on the high-frequency filtering information. The high frequencysignal may be, for example, signal having frequency higher than 10000Hz, or the maximum moving frequency of the optical element drivingmechanism 100, and noise with exceed frequency may be filtered.Therefore, the elements in the optical element driving system 1 may beprevented from being influenced by the high frequency noise.

FIG. 13C is a schematic view of the driving signal 431. In someembodiments, the driving signal 431 may include a first group ofsignals, which includes first signal 431A and second signal 431B. Thefirst signal 431A may be DC signal (e.g. signal with 0 frequency), andthe second signal 431B may be AC signal or a periodical signal (e.g.signal with a frequency higher than 0). In other words, the frequency ofthe first signal 431A is different than the frequency of the secondsignal 431B. The first group of signals may be a combination of thefirst signal 431A and the second signal 431B. Therefore, the intensityand the frequency, respectively, of the driving signal 431 may becontrolled by controlling the first signal 431A and the second signal431B.

In some embodiments, the optical element driving mechanism may include astabilize assembly (such as the resilient element 153) to provide apredetermined force to the movable portion M. Although the resilientelement 153 is taken as an example of the stabilize assembly, thepresent disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, a magnetic forcemay be provided to the movable portion M by a combination of magneticelements to apply a predetermined force to the movable portion M whenthe movable portion M is not moving, depending on design requirements.Therefore, the movable portion M may be stabilized, such as the movableportion M may be limited in a specific range to prevent from collidingwith other elements.

In some embodiments, the control information may be corrected by acorrecting procedure 500. FIG. 14 is a block diagram of the correctingprocedure 500. First of all, the correcting procedure 500 includes step501, in which the optical element driving mechanism 100 is assembled.

After step 501, the correcting procedure 500 further includes step 502,in which the relationship between the movement of the movable portion Mrelative to the fixed portion F and the motion-sensing signal 441 ismeasured and recorded by external equipment. In step 502, whether themotion-sensing signal 441 is able to reflect the relationship betweenthe movement of the movable portion M relative to the fixed portion Fmay be determined.

After step 502, the correcting procedure 500 further includes step 503,in which the sensing matching information is updated, and thepredetermined start information and the predetermined position areredefined. Because the movement of the movable portion M relative to thefixed portion F is measured by the external equipment in step 502, morecorrect sensing matching information may be achieved, and thepredetermined start information and the predetermined position areredefined based on the sensing matching information. In someembodiments, whether the movable portion M moves relative to the fixedportion F in a predetermined movable range may be checked in step 503.

After step 503, the correcting procedure 500 further includes step 504,in which the sensing matching information is calculated and analyzed toget an accommodating formula, and the accommodating formula is recordedin the correcting information. Therefore, the control assembly 430 maycompensate for the detected signal based on the accommodating formula.

In some embodiments, when the driving assembly D is initialized by thecontrol assembly 430, the control assembly 430 may start the drivingassembly D (e.g. the first driving assembly 152, the second drivingassembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192) based on thetemperature-sensing signal 421, the temperature-compensationinformation, the motion-sensing signal 441 and the predetermined startinformation to provide the driving signal 431 to the driving assembly D.When the driving signal 431 is provided by the control assembly 430 tocontrol the driving assembly D, the intensity of the driving signal 431is higher than the first limit information 432 and less than the secondlimit information 433 to ensure the driving assembly D may operatesuccessfully rather than being damaged.

In some embodiments, when vibration compensation is performed by thedriving assembly D to the movable portion M, the control assembly 430may provide the driving signal 431 based on the inertia-sensing signal411, the motion-sensing signal 441, and the inertia-compensationinformation. In some embodiments, the control assembly 430 may adjustthe first signal 431A or the second signal 431B according to thetemperature-sensing signal 421 and the temperature-compensationinformation. In some embodiments, the second signal 431B may be adjustedby the temperature-sensing signal 421 and the temperature-compensationinformation, and the frequency of the second signal 431B is higher thanthe first signal 431A. In some embodiments, the frequency of the secondsignal 431B may be less than 10000 Hz to effectively drive the drivingassembly D. Furthermore, the amplitude of the second signal 431B may begreater than the first signal 431A.

In some embodiments, the driving signal 431 may include a second groupof signals, wherein the first group of signals may be provided to one ofthe first driving assembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, and thethird driving assembly 192, and the second group of signals may beprovided to another one of the first driving assembly 152, the seconddriving assembly 172, and the third driving assembly 192. Furthermore,the control information may include proportion information to record therelationship between the first group of signals and the second group ofsignals. For example, the ratio of the total power of the first group ofsignals and the second group of signals may be recorded to providesignal with different intensities to different driving assemblies. Insome embodiments, a third group of signals may be provided to controlthe driving assemblies separately.

FIG. 15A is a schematic view of an optical element driving mechanism100′. The optical element driving mechanism 100′ is substantiallysimilar to the optical element driving mechanism 100, and the differenceis that the position sensing assembly 134 is omitted from the opticalelement driving mechanism 100′. Therefore, required element number maybe reduced to achieve miniaturization and reduce the cost.

FIG. 15B is a schematic view of an optical element driving system 2 insome embodiments of the present disclosure. Not only the optical elementdriving mechanism 100′, the optical element driving system furtherincludes an inertia-sensing assembly 610, a temperature-sensing assembly620, and a control assembly 630. As shown in FIG. 15 , theinertia-sensing assembly 610 is used for detecting the movement of theoptical element driving mechanism 100′ and providing an inertia-sensingsignal to the control assembly 630. The temperature-sensing assembly 620is used for detecting the temperature of the optical element drivingmechanism 100′ and providing a temperature-sensing signal 621 to thecontrol assembly 630. The control assembly 630 is sued for providing adriving signal 631 to the driving assembly D of the optical elementdriving mechanism 100′ (which includes the first driving assembly 152,the second driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192) soas to control the driving assembly D of the optical element drivingmechanism 100′. In some embodiments, the inertia-sensing signal 611includes a gravity direction signal used to provide the direction thegravity to the control assembly 630. In some embodiments, the opticalelement driving mechanism 100′ further includes an optical sensor (notshown), and the temperature-sensing assembly 620 may be disposedadjacent to the optical sensor. For example, the distance between thetemperature-sensing assembly 620 and the optical sensor may be less thanabout 15 mm to simplify the design of circuits.

After the control assembly 630 receives the inertia-sensing signal 611,and the temperature-sensing signal 621, the driving signal 631 may bedetermined by control information. The control information may be acombination of different information recorded in the control assembly630 to allow the control assembly 630 effectively control the opticalelement driving mechanism 100′ in different conditions.

In some embodiments, the control information includes posture correctinginformation that corresponds to the inertia-sensing signal 611. Theposture correcting information is used for correcting the driving signal631. For example, the influence caused from the gravity may becompensated by the posture correcting information after the controlassembly receives the gravity direction signal. In some embodiments, anexternal apparatus (not shown) that is disposed outside the opticalelement driving system 2 is used for measuring the position of themovable portion M relative to the fixed portion F in different gravityconditions, so as to define the posture correcting information. Theexternal apparatus may measure multiple times, and the measured resultmay be compare with theoretical value to increase the accuracy of theposture correcting information.

In some embodiments, the control information may include a predeterminedposition of the movable portion M relative to the fixed portion F, andmay be used for defining the state of the movable portion M relative tothe fixed portion F. for example the movable portion M (such as thefirst movable portion 140, the second movable portion 160, or the thirdmovable portion 180) may be position at a middle position or an initialposition.

In some embodiments, the control information may include a predeterminedmovable range of the movable portion M, and the movable portion M haveto move within the movable range relative to the fixed portion F. Inother words, the maximum movable range of the movable portion M relativeto the fixed portion F may be defined as the predetermined movable rangeto prevent the movable portion M from being damaged due to exceededmoving range.

FIG. 16A is a schematic view of the driving signal 631. In someembodiments, the control information may include first limit information632 for defining the minimum value of the driving signal 631 and secondlimit information 633 for defining the maximum value of the drivingsignal 631. In other words, the range of the driving signal 631 isbetween the first limit information 632 and the second limit information633. The first limit information 632 may be defined as the requiredminimum signal intensity provided to the optical element drivingmechanism 100′ when the optical element driving mechanism is stable.

As shown in FIG. 16A, the first limit information 632 may be defined bylimit information 632A, 632B, and 632C. For example, the limitinformation 632A may include a minimum signal intensity (e.g. voltage orcurrent) to allow the temperature of the first driving assembly 152, thesecond driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192 increasedto its phase transition temperature in a high-temperature condition(e.g. about 60 degree C.), and the first driving assembly 152, thesecond driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192 includesshape memory alloy. The limit information 632B may include a minimumsignal intensity (e.g. voltage or current) to allow the first drivingassembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or the third drivingassembly 192 generate a tension higher than 0 in a high-temperaturecondition (e.g. about 60 degree C.), and the first driving assembly 152,the second driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192includes shape memory alloy. The limit information 632C may include aminimum signal intensity (e.g. voltage or current) to move the movableportion M to the predetermined position in a high-temperature condition(e.g. about 60 degree C.). The first limit information 632 may be chosenfrom the limit information 632A, 632B, or 632C, depending on designrequirements. Moreover, FIG. 16A is only an example of the signalintensity of the limit information 632A, 632B, or 632C, and the presentdisclosure is not limited thereto. The signal intensity of the limitinformation 632A, 632B, or 632C may be changed based on actualcondition.

The second limit information 633 may be defined as the maximum signalintensity than the optical element driving mechanism can withstand. Ifthe signal intensity of the driving signal 631 is higher than the secondlimit information 633, the driving assembly D (the first drivingassembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or the third drivingassembly 192) may be damaged. As shown in FIG. 16A, the second limitinformation may be defined by limit information 633A, 633B, and 633C.

For example, the limit information 633A may include the maximum signalintensity (e.g. voltage or current) when the size variation the firstdriving assembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or the thirddriving assembly 192 is less than or equal to a boundary variation in alow-temperature condition (e.g. less than about −30 degree C.), and thefirst driving assembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or thethird driving assembly 192 includes shape memory alloy. The boundaryvariation may be defined as the variation that plastic deformation isabout to occur when the first driving assembly 152, the second drivingassembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192 deforms. In other words,if the deformation of the first driving assembly 152, the second drivingassembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192 exceeds the boundaryvariation, plastic deformation will occur.

For example, the limit information 633B may include the maximum signalintensity (e.g. voltage or current) when the size variation rate thefirst driving assembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or thethird driving assembly 192 is less than a boundary variation rate. Theboundary variation rate may be defined as the variation rate thatplastic deformation is about to occur when the first driving assembly152, the second driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192deforms. In other words, if the variation rate of the first drivingassembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, or the third drivingassembly 192 exceeds the boundary variation rate, plastic deformationwill occur. The temperature of the high-temperature condition is higherthan the low-temperature condition.

For example, the limit information 633C may include the maximum signalintensity (e.g. voltage or current) of the first driving assembly 152,the second driving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192 afterused for a specific times (e.g. 30000 times) that makes the movablerange of the first driving assembly 152, the second driving assembly172, or the third driving assembly 192 less than a proportion (e.g. 5%)or a value (e.g. 10 μm).

Although the limit information 633C is shown as higher than the limitinformation 633B, and the limit information 633B is shown as higher thanthe limit information 633A, the present disclosure is not limitedthereto. For example, the value of the limit information 633A, 633B, and633C may change based on actual condition, and FIG. 16A only shows oneof the conditions.

In some embodiments, the control information may include predeterminedstart information used for determining the predetermined value of thedriving signal 631 when the optical element driving mechanism 100′starts. The predetermined start information may prevent the controlassembly 630 provides a driving signal 631 that is too high or too lowto the optical element driving mechanism 100′.

In some embodiments, the control information may includetemperature-compensation information used for correcting the influencecaused by environmental temperature to the position-sensing assembly 134and the driving assembly D (the first driving assembly 152, the seconddriving assembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192). Because thetemperature-sensing assembly 620 and the driving assembly D may beinfluenced by temperature, the influence may be corrected by thetemperature-compensation information.

For example, FIG. 16B shows a temperature matching relationship 634(which includes temperature matching relationships 634A, 634B, and 634C)and temperature correct information 635 (which includes temperaturecorrect information 635A, 635B, and 635C). The temperature matchingrelationships 634A, 634B, and 634C represent the relationships betweenthe stroke of the movable portion M and the signal intensity of thedriving assembly D in different environmental temperatures. In someembodiments, the environmental temperature of the temperature matchingrelationship 634A is higher than the temperature of the temperaturematching relationship 634B, and the environmental temperature of thetemperature matching relationship 634B is higher than the temperature ofthe temperature matching relationship 634C. For example, under theenvironmental temperature of the temperature matching relationship 634A,lower signal intensity is required to allow the movable portion M reacha desired stroke when compared with the environmental temperature of thetemperature matching relationship 634B.

In some embodiments, linear compensation may be applied to thetemperature matching relationship 634 to get the temperature correctinformation 635 (which includes temperature correct information 635A,635B, and 635C), and the temperature correct information 635 may berecorded in the temperature-compensation information. Therefore, therelationship between the parameters may be linear, and the controlmethod may be simplified. As a result, when the environmentaltemperature changes, the influence of the environmental temperature tothe driving assembly D may be compensated by thetemperature-compensation information.

In some embodiments, the control signal may include inertia-compensationinformation. The inertia-compensation information may include therelationship between the inertia-sensing signal 611 and the drivingsignal 631, or the image signal. The image signal may be signal providedby an optical sensor (not shown) in the optical element drivingmechanism 100′, in other words, the information received by the opticalelements in the optical element driving mechanism 100′. Theinertia-compensation information may be used for compensating theinfluence of environments with different inertia to the optical elementdriving system 2, such as different moving speed or rotational angle,etc.

In some embodiments, the control information may include high-frequencyfiltering information. The control assembly 630 removes high frequencysignal in the inertia-sensing information 611, the temperature-sensingsignal 621, the driving signal 631, based on the high-frequencyfiltering information. The high frequency signal may be, for example,signal having frequency higher than 10000 Hz, or the maximum movingfrequency of the optical element driving mechanism 100′, and noise withexceed frequency may be filtered. Therefore, the elements in the opticalelement driving system 2 may be prevented from being influenced by thehigh frequency noise.

FIG. 16C is a schematic view of the driving signal 631. In someembodiments, the driving signal 631 may include a first group ofsignals, which includes first signal 631A and second signal 631B. Thefirst signal 631A may be DC signal (e.g. signal with 0 frequency), andthe second signal 631B may be AC signal or a periodical signal (e.g.signal with a frequency higher than 0). In other words, the frequency ofthe first signal 631A is different than the frequency of the secondsignal 631B. The first group of signals may be a combination of thefirst signal 631A and the second signal 631B. Therefore, the intensityand the frequency, respectively, of the driving signal 631 may becontrolled by controlling the first signal 631A and the second signal631B.

In some embodiments, the optical element driving mechanism may include astabilize assembly (such as the resilient element 153) to provide apredetermined force to the movable portion M. Although the resilientelement 153 is taken as an example of the stabilize assembly, thepresent disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, a magnetic forcemay be provided to the movable portion M by a combination of magneticelements to apply a predetermined force to the movable portion M whenthe movable portion M is not moving, depending on design requirements.Therefore, the movable portion M may be stabilized, such as the movableportion M may be limited in a specific range to prevent from collidingwith other elements.

In some embodiments, when the driving assembly D is initialized by thecontrol assembly 630, the control assembly 630 may start the drivingassembly D (e.g. the first driving assembly 152, the second drivingassembly 172, or the third driving assembly 192) based on thetemperature-sensing signal 621, the temperature-compensationinformation, the inertia-sensing information 611 (such as the gravitydirection signal), the inertia-compensation information, the posturecorrecting information, and the predetermined start information toprovide the driving signal 631 to the driving assembly D. When thedriving signal 631 is provided by the control assembly 630 to controlthe driving assembly D, the intensity of the driving signal 631 ishigher than the first limit information 632 and less than the secondlimit information 633 to ensure the driving assembly D may operatesuccessfully rather than being damaged. Alternatively, in someembodiments, when the driving assembly D is started by the controlassembly 630, the control assembly 630 receives a target signal from anexternal element. For example, if the optical element driving system 2is installed in an electronic device, the central processing unit of theelectronic device may provide the target signal to the control assembly630. Afterwards, the driving signal 631 is provided to the opticalelement driving mechanism 100 by the control assembly 630 based on thetemperature sensing signal 621, the temperature-compensationinformation, the inertia-sensing signal 611 (such as the gravitydirection signal), inertia-compensation information, the posturecorrecting information, and the target signal.

In some embodiments, when vibration compensation is performed by thedriving assembly D to the movable portion M, the control assembly 630may provide the driving signal 631 based on the inertia-sensing signal611, and the inertia-compensation information. In some embodiments, thefirst signal 631A and the second signal 631B may be adjusted accordingto the temperature sensing signal 621 and the temperature-compensationinformation. In some embodiments, the second signal 631B may be adjustedby the temperature-sensing signal 621 and the temperature-compensationinformation, and the frequency of the second signal 631B is higher thanthe first signal 631A. In some embodiments, the frequency of the secondsignal 631B may be less than 10000 Hz to effectively drive the drivingassembly D. Furthermore, the amplitude of the second signal 631B may begreater than the first signal 631A.

In some embodiments, the driving signal 631 may include a second groupof signals, wherein the first group of signals may be provided to one ofthe first driving assembly 152, the second driving assembly 172, and thethird driving assembly 192, and the second group of signals may beprovided to another one of the first driving assembly 152, the seconddriving assembly 172, and the third driving assembly 192. Furthermore,the control information may include proportion information to record therelationship between the first group of signals and the second group ofsignals. For example, the ratio of the total power of the first group ofsignals and the second group of signals may be recorded to providesignal with different intensities to different driving assemblies. Insome embodiments, a third group of signals may be provided to controlthe driving assemblies separately.

A correcting procedure 700 used for achieving the temperature matchingrelationship 634 and the temperature correct information 635 isdescribed. FIG. 17 is a block diagram of the correcting procedure 700,which starts from a step 701. In the step 701, the optical elementdriving mechanism is assembled.

In a step 702, the relationship between the motion of the movableportion M relative to the fixed portion F (e.g. stroke, the Y axis inFIG. 16B) and the driving signal 631 (such as signal intensity, the Xaxis in FIG. 16B) in a first environmental temperature may be measuredby an external equipment (not shown) to achieve the temperature matchingrelationship 634A (first temperature matching relationship), and thetemperature matching relationship 634A is recorded in thetemperature-compensation information. Afterwards, in a step 703, thetemperature matching relationship 634A may be analyzed, such asperforming linear compensation to the temperature matching relationship634A, to get the temperature correct information 635A (first temperaturecorrect information). The temperature correct information 635A may berecorded in the temperature-compensation information.

In a step 704, the relationship between the motion of the movableportion M relative to the fixed portion F and the driving signal 631 ina second environmental temperature may be measured by the externalequipment to achieve the temperature matching relationship 634B (secondtemperature matching relationship), and the temperature matchingrelationship 634B is recorded in the temperature-compensationinformation. Afterwards, in a step 705, the temperature matchingrelationship 634B may be analyzed, such as performing linearcompensation to the temperature matching relationship 634B, to get thetemperature correct information 635B (second temperature correctinformation). The temperature correct information 635B may be recordedin the temperature-compensation information.

In a step 706, the relationship between the motion of the movableportion M relative to the fixed portion F and the driving signal 631 ina third environmental temperature may be measured by the externalequipment to achieve the temperature matching relationship 634C (thirdtemperature matching relationship), and the temperature matchingrelationship 634C is recorded in the temperature-compensationinformation. Afterwards, in a step 707, the temperature matchingrelationship 634C may be analyzed, such as performing linearcompensation to the temperature matching relationship 634C, to get thetemperature correct information 635C (third temperature correctinformation). The temperature correct information 635C may be recordedin the temperature-compensation information. It should be noted that thefirst environmental temperature, the second environmental temperature,and the third environmental temperature are different. Taken FIG. 16B asan example, the first environmental temperature is higher than thesecond environmental temperature, and the second environmentaltemperature is higher than the third environmental temperature, but isnot limited thereto.

In summary, an optical element driving system is provided. The opticalelement driving system includes an optical element driving mechanism anda control assembly. The optical element driving mechanism includes amovable portion, a fixed portion, a driving assembly, and aposition-sensing assembly. The movable portion is used for connecting toan optical element. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixedportion. The movable portion is in an accommodating space in the fixedportion. The driving assembly is used for driving the movable portion tomove relative to the fixed portion. The control assembly provides adriving signal to the driving assembly to control the driving assembly.The position-sensing assembly is used for detecting the movement of themovable portion relation to the fixed portion and providingmotion-sensing signal to the control assembly. Therefore, the drivingassembly may be effectively controlled, and miniaturization may beachieved. Moreover, the control information that includes variousinformation may allow the optical element driving mechanism becontrolled in a more accurate manner.

Although embodiments of the present disclosure and their advantages havebeen described in detail, it should be understood that various changes,substitutions and alterations may be made herein without departing fromthe spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appendedclaims. Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intendedto be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine,manufacture, and composition of matter, means, methods and stepsdescribed in the specification. As one of ordinary skill in the art willreadily appreciate from the disclosure of the present disclosure,processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means,methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed, thatperform substantially the same function or achieve substantially thesame result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may beutilized according to the present disclosure. Accordingly, the appendedclaims are intended to include within their scope of such processes,machines, manufacture, and compositions of matter, means, methods, orsteps. In addition, each claim constitutes a separate embodiment, andthe combination of various claims and embodiments are within the scopeof the disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. An optical element driving system, comprising: anoptical element driving mechanism, comprising: a movable portion usedfor connecting an optical element; a fixed portion, wherein the movableportion is movable relative to the fixed portion, and the movableportion is in an accommodating space in the fixed portion; a drivingassembly used for driving the movable portion to move relative to thefixed portion, comprising: a first driving element; a second drivingelement; a third driving element; and a fourth driving element, whereinthe first driving element, the second driving element, the third drivingelement, and the fourth driving element are positioned on a same virtualplane; a position-sensing assembly; and a control assembly used forproviding a driving signal to the driving assembly to control thedriving assembly, wherein the position-sensing assembly is used fordetecting the movement of the movable portion relative to the fixedportion and providing a motion-sensing signal to the control assembly;and a connecting element disposed on the movable portion and connectedto the first driving element, the second driving element, the thirddriving element, and the fourth driving element, wherein directions offorces applied by the first driving element and the fourth drivingelement are opposite, and directions of forces applied by the seconddriving element and the third driving element are opposite.
 2. Theoptical element driving system as claimed in claim 1, furthercomprising: a stabilized assembly used for providing a predeterminedforce to the movable portion; an inertia-sensing assembly used fordetecting the movement of the optical element driving mechanism andproviding an inertia-sensing signal to the control assembly; atemperature-sensing assembly used for detecting the temperature of theoptical element driving mechanism and providing a temperature-sensingsignal to the control assembly; wherein the driving assembly comprises afirst driving element, and the material of the first driving elementcomprises a shape memory alloy; the control assembly provides a drivingsignal based on control information, and the control informationcomprises: sensing matching information pertaining to the relationshipbetween the movement of the movable portion relative to the fixedportion and the motion-sensing signal; correcting information, whereinthe sensing matching information is corrected based on the correctinginformation; a predetermined position, wherein a condition of themovable portion relative to the fixed portion when the optical elementdriving mechanism is started is defined based on the predeterminedposition; a predetermined movable range defining a maximum movable rangeof the movable portion relative to the fixed portion; first limitinginformation, wherein a minimum value of the driving signal is limitedbased on the first limiting information; second limiting informationwherein a maximum value of the driving signal is limited based on thesecond limiting information; predetermined start information, wherein apredetermined value of the driving signal when the optical elementdriving mechanism starts is determined by the predetermined startinformation; inertia-compensation information pertaining to therelationship between the inertia-sensing signal and the driving signal,or an image signal; and high-frequency filtering information, wherein ahigh-frequency signal in the motion-sensing signal, or the drivingsignal is removed by the control assembly based on the high-frequencyfiltering information; wherein in a high-temperature condition, thefirst limiting information is defined as the highest one of thefollowing: a current or a voltage that increases the temperature of thedriving assembly to the phase transition temperature of the drivingassembly; a minimum current or a minimum voltage required to make thedriving assembly generate a tension higher than 0; and a minimum currentor a minimum voltage required to move the movable portion to thepredetermined position; wherein in a low-temperature condition, thesecond limiting information is defined as the lowest one of thefollowing: a maximum current or a maximum voltage when the shapevariation of the driving assembly is less than or equal to a boundaryvariation, and the boundary variation is defined as the variation of thedriving assembly that plastic deformation is about to occur when thedriving assembly is deformed; the maximum current or the maximum voltagewhen the shape variation rate of the driving assembly is less than orequal to a boundary variation rate, and the boundary variation rate isdefined as the variation rate of the driving assembly that plasticdeformation is about to occur when the driving assembly is deformed; themaximum current or the maximum voltage when a variation of thepredetermined movable range is less than a ratio after the drivingassembly is used for a certain number of times; wherein the temperatureof the high-temperature condition is higher than the temperature of thelow-temperature condition; wherein a frequency of the high frequencydefined by the high-frequency filtering information is higher than 10000Hz; wherein the high-frequency filtering information is defined by amaximum movable frequency of the optical element driving mechanism;wherein the image signal is generated by an optical sensor; wherein thedriving signal comprises a first group of signals, comprising: a firstsignal; and a second signal, wherein the frequency of the first signalis different than the frequency of the second signal.
 3. An opticalelement driving system, comprising: an optical element drivingmechanism, comprising: a movable portion used for connecting an opticalelement; a fixed portion, wherein the movable portion is movablerelative to the fixed portion, and the movable portion is in anaccommodating space in the fixed portion; a driving assembly used fordriving the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion,comprising: a first driving element; a second driving element; a thirddriving element; and a fourth driving element, wherein the first drivingelement, the second driving element, the third driving element, and thefourth driving element are positioned on a same virtual plane, and thematerial of the first driving element comprises shape memory alloy; anda control assembly used for controlling the driving assembly; and aconnecting element disposed on the movable portion and connected to thefirst driving element, the second driving element, the third drivingelement, and the fourth driving element, wherein directions of forcesapplied by the first driving element and the fourth driving element areopposite, and directions of forces applied by the second driving elementand the third driving element are opposite.
 4. The optical elementdriving system as claimed in claim 3, further comprising: a stabilizedassembly used for providing a predetermined force to the movableportion; an inertia-sensing assembly used for detecting the movement ofthe optical element driving mechanism and providing an inertia-sensingsignal to the control assembly; a temperature-sensing assembly used fordetecting the temperature of the optical element driving mechanism andproviding a temperature-sensing signal to the control assembly; whereinthe temperature-sensing assembly is adjacent to an optical sensor;wherein the driving assembly comprises a first driving element, and thematerial of the first driving element comprises a shape memory alloy;the control assembly provides a driving signal based on controlinformation, and the control information comprises: posture correctinginformation corresponding to the inertia-sensing signal, wherein therelationship between the movement of the movable portion relative to thefixed portion and the driving signal is defined based on the posturecorrecting information, wherein the posture correcting information isdefined as a state of the movable portion relative to the fixed portionin different gravity directions measured by an external equipment; apredetermined position, wherein a condition of the movable portionrelative to the fixed portion when the optical element driving mechanismis started is defined based on the predetermined position; apredetermined movable range defining a maximum movable range of themovable portion relative to the fixed portion; first limitinginformation, wherein a minimum value of the driving signal is limitedbased on the first limiting information; second limiting information,wherein a maximum value of the driving signal is limited based on thesecond limiting information; predetermined start information, wherein apredetermined value of the driving signal when the optical elementdriving mechanism starts is defined based on the predetermined startinformation; inertia-compensation information pertaining to therelationship between the inertia-sensing signal and the driving signal,or an image signal; and high-frequency filtering information, wherein ahigh-frequency signal in the motion-sensing signal, or the drivingsignal is removed by the control assembly based on the high-frequencyfiltering information; wherein in a high-temperature condition, thefirst limiting information is defined as the highest one of thefollowing: a current or a voltage that increases the temperature of thedriving assembly to the phase transition temperature of the drivingassembly; a minimum current or a minimum voltage required to make thedriving assembly generate a tension higher than 0; a minimum current ora minimum voltage required to move the movable portion to thepredetermined position; wherein in a low-temperature condition, thesecond limiting information is defined as the lowest one of thefollowing: a maximum current or a maximum voltage when the shapevariation of the driving assembly is less than or equal to a boundaryvariation, and the boundary variation is defined as the variation of thedriving assembly that plastic deformation is about to occur when thedriving assembly is deformed; the maximum current or the maximum voltagewhen the shape variation rate of the driving assembly is less than orequal to a boundary variation rate, and the boundary variation rate isdefined as the variation rate of the driving assembly that plasticdeformation is about to occur when the driving assembly is deformed; themaximum current or the maximum voltage when a variation of thepredetermined movable range is less than a ratio after the drivingassembly is used for a certain number of times; wherein the temperatureof the high-temperature condition is higher than the temperature of thelow-temperature condition; wherein a frequency of the high frequencydefined by the high-frequency filtering information is higher than 10000Hz; wherein the high-frequency filtering information is defined by amaximum movable frequency of the optical element driving mechanism;wherein the image signal is generated by an optical sensor; wherein thedriving signal comprises a first group of signals, comprising: a firstsignal; and a second signal, wherein the frequency of the first signalis different than the frequency of the second signal.
 5. A method fordriving an optical element driving system, comprising: providing anoptical element driving mechanism, wherein the optical element drivingmechanism comprises a movable portion, a fixed portion, a drivingassembly, a position-sensing assembly, and a control assembly; drivingthe movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion by the drivingassembly; providing a driving signal to the driving assembly by thecontrol assembly to control the driving assembly based on controlinformation, wherein the control information comprises: first limitinginformation, wherein a minimum value of the driving signal is limitedbased on the first limiting information; second limiting information,wherein a maximum value of the driving signal is limited based on thesecond limiting information; wherein a high-temperature condition, thefirst limiting information is defined by the highest one of thefollowing: a current or a voltage that increases the temperature of thedriving assembly to the phase transition temperature of the drivingassembly; a minimum current or a minimum voltage required to make thedriving assembly generate a tension higher than 0; and a minimum currentor a minimum voltage required to move the movable portion to thepredetermined position; wherein in a low-temperature condition, thesecond limiting information is defined by the lowest one of thefollowing: a maximum current or a maximum voltage when the shapevariation of the driving assembly is less than or equal to a boundaryvariation, and the boundary variation is defined as the variation of thedriving assembly that plastic deformation is about to occur when thedriving assembly is deformed; the maximum current or the maximum voltagewhen the shape variation rate of the driving assembly is less than orequal to a boundary variation rate, and the boundary variation rate isdefined as the variation rate of the driving assembly that plasticdeformation is about to occur when the driving assembly is deformed; andthe maximum current or the maximum voltage when a variation of thepredetermined movable range is less than a ratio after the drivingassembly is used for a certain number of times; and detecting themovement of the movable portion relative to the fixed portion andproviding a motion-sensing signal to the control assembly by theposition-sensing assembly.
 6. The method for driving an optical elementdriving system as claimed in claim 5, further comprising: providing apredetermined force to the movable portion by a stabilized assembly;detecting the movement of the optical element driving mechanism andproviding an inertia-sensing signal to the control assembly by aninertia-sensing assembly; for detecting the temperature of the opticalelement driving mechanism and providing a temperature-sensing signal tothe control assembly by a temperature-sensing assembly; wherein thedriving assembly comprises a first driving element, and the material ofthe first driving element comprises a shape memory alloy; the controlinformation further comprises: sensing matching information pertainingto the relationship between the movement of the movable portion relativeto the fixed portion and the motion-sensing signal; correctinginformation, wherein the sensing matching information is corrected basedon the correcting information; a predetermined position, wherein acondition of the movable portion relative to the fixed portion when theoptical element driving mechanism is started is defined based on thepredetermined position; a predetermined movable range defining a maximummovable range of the movable portion relative to the fixed portion;predetermined start information, wherein a predetermined value of thedriving signal when the optical element driving mechanism starts isdetermined based on the predetermined start information;inertia-compensation information pertaining to the relationship betweenthe inertia-sensing signal and the driving signal, the motion-sensingsignal, or an image signal; high-frequency filtering information,wherein a high-frequency signal in the motion-sensing signal, theinertia-sensing signal, or the driving signal is removed by the controlassembly based on the high-frequency filtering information; wherein thetemperature of the high-temperature condition is higher than thetemperature of the low-temperature condition; wherein a frequency of thehigh frequency defined by the high-frequency filtering information ishigher than 10000 Hz; wherein the high-frequency filtering informationis defined by a maximum movable frequency of the optical element drivingmechanism; wherein the image signal is generated by an optical sensor;wherein the driving signal comprises a first group of signals,comprising: a first signal; and a second signal, wherein the frequencyof the first signal is different than the frequency of the secondsignal.
 7. The method for driving an optical element driving system inclaim 6, wherein the control information further comprises a correctingprocedure, comprising: finishing the assembly of the optical elementdriving mechanism; measuring and recording a relationship between amovement of the movable portion relative to the fixed portion usingexternal equipment; updating the sensing matching information andredefining the predetermined start information and the predeterminedposition; and calculating and analyzing the sensing matching informationto gain an accommodating formula, and recording the accommodatingformula in the correcting information.
 8. The method for driving anoptical element driving system as claimed in claim 7, wherein thecontrol assembly starts the driving assembly based on thetemperature-sensing signal, the temperature-compensation information,the motion-sensing signal, and the predetermined start information byproviding a driving signal to the driving assembly.
 9. The method fordriving an optical element driving system as claimed in claim 7, whereinwhen the driving assembly is controlled by the driving signal providedby the control assembly, the intensity of the driving signal is higherthan the intensity of the first limiting information and lower than theintensity of the second limiting information.
 10. The method for drivingan optical element driving system as claimed in claim 7, wherein duringa vibration compensation, the control assembly provides a driving signalbased on the inertia-compensation information, the motion-sensingsignal, and the inertia-compensation signal.
 11. The method for drivingan optical element driving system as claimed in claim 7, wherein thecontrol assembly adjusts the first signal or the second signal based onthe temperature-sensing signal and the temperature-compensationinformation.
 12. The method for driving an optical element drivingsystem as claimed in claim 7, wherein the control assembly adjusts thesecond signal based on the temperature-sensing signal and thetemperature-compensation information, the frequency of the second signalis higher than the frequency of the first signal, and the frequency ofthe second signal is less than 10000 Hz.
 13. The method for driving anoptical element driving system as claimed in claim 12, wherein theamplitude of the second signal is higher than the amplitude of the firstsignal.
 14. The method for driving an optical element driving system asclaimed in claim 7, wherein the driving assembly further comprises asecond driving element, the material of the second driving elementcomprises a shape memory alloy, when the control assembly provides adriving signal, a direction of a driving force generated by the firstdriving element is different than a direction of a driving forcegenerated by the second driving element; wherein the driving signalfurther comprises a second group of signals, the first group of signalsis provided to the first driving element, the second group of signals isprovided to the second driving element, the power of the first group ofsignals is different than the power of the second group of signals, andthe control information further comprises proportion information,wherein the relationship between the first group of signals and thesecond group of signals is recorded based on the proportion information.